Kiln.



Y H. WEBSTER.

A KILN.

`APPLICATION FILED FEB. 24,v |911.

Patented Feb.. 2 5, 1919.

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Patented Feb. 25, 1919.

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H. WEBSTER.

KILN.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 24. I9I1.

1,295,650. Patented Feb. 25, 1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

ATES ATENT FFCE.

HENRY VVEBS'IIIR,i 0F CLINTON TOWNSHIP, VINTON COUNTY, OHIO, ASSIGNOB TO WEBSTER &KINCAID 0F CINCINNATI, OHIO, A FIRM COMPOSED OF HENRY WEBSTER AND WILLIAM B. KINCAID.

KILN. p

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 25, 1919.

Application filed' February 24,1917. Serial No..150f,778.

T0 all' whom t'mcy concern:

Be it known= that I, HENRY WTEBSTER, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Clinton township, in the county of Vinton. and' Statev of QhiO, haveA invented certain useful Improvements in Kil-ns, of which the following is a: specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing..

The invention relates to kilns, and more particularly to the class of combination brick kilns and driers.

The primary object of the invention is the provision. of a: kiln of this character wherein a continuous down draft is attained forthe proper combustion whichy travels in a. circuitous course tln'ough a continuous chamber in which arek stacked green bricks for the burning or cooking of the same, the Vapor being prevented from condensation and is utilized: for the cooking of the bricks, which. latter', in the cooking process, emit gas, adding to the products of combustion for the perfect workingv of the kiln with minimum consumption of fuel.k

Another object of the invention is theI provision of a kiln of this character wherein the products of combustion will be free from smoke and the vapor or moisture arising from: the greenA bricks will coact with the products of combustion for the burning or cooking of the bricks, and: suchpro'ducts of combustion will have a. down draft eifect soi that perpetual and uniform circulation thereof willi exist for*4 the drying. ofthe bricks throughout the area of the stacks within the kiln. with uniformity.

A further object of. the invention` isy the provision of;v a kiln of" this character wherein the fue-l utilized for the firing of the kiln is admitted through the roof'of the combustion chamber which. is continuous and delivered i-nto the troughs in the bottom ofthe chamber,` whence the firing of thefuel will be more perfectly efected' so: that the burning of the fuel' will take place uniformly and continuouslyl at' the bed.l orl base ofthe combustion chamber and the products of combustion` will be retarded by' baffles formed by green bricks c1osely'-.stackeidi at intervals within. the combustion chamb erto*- assure the perfect burning of the bricks and also permitting the stacking of green bricks withinthe chamber preceding the fire therein during the operation of the kiln.

A still further object ofthe invention is the provision of a" kiln wherein the fuel troughs assure the continuous firing; of the fuel within the combustion chamber of said kiln.

Other objects will be in part obvious and in part hereinafter set forth.

The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combination of ele ments and arrangement of parts which will be exemplified in the construction hereinafter described, and the scope of the application of which will be` indicated in the appended. claims.

Tn thev accompanying drawings z,

Figure l is aside elevation of aconstructed in accordance with the invention, partly broken:y away;

Fig.. 9. is an enlarged vertical: transverse. sectional View through the kiln;

Fig. 3 is a sectional View on the line 8--3 of' Fig. 2';

Fig. 4 is an enlarged vertical fragmentary transverse sectional View', showing one of the draft fines..

Fig., 5 a fragmentary horizon-talsectional view' showing in plan a series of the draft flues.. i

Similar reference characters` indicate corresponding parts throughout the several viewsV of the drawings.

Referring to the drawingsein detail-1k designates generally; the body of the kiln which, i-n: thisA instance-,e is of reetangulary shape', althoughzthe` samemay be' of anyV other shape desirable, and is formed` interior-'ly thereof with a continuous combustion chamber 10. the side runs of which are formed with arched tops hhwhileloeated Within the-body between the side runs isa mainz draft liuck 1Q.: which communicates with a stack or chimney 13 located. exteriorly of the bodyof the kiln A, in this instance at. one; end?v thereof, although it may be otherwise located.

On thebody A of the kiln is a superstructure constituting a Jiiuel shed: 14 which is. accessible for the delivery of fuel therein in any desirable manner.

Formed in the beds or bottoms of the side ioo runs of the chamber 11 are spaced longitudinal and transverse grooves 15 and 16, respectively, the outermost of the longitudinal and transverse grooves meeting each other, while the inner longitudinal and transverse grooves intersect one another, and in these grooves is adapted to be received fuel such as powdered coal for the firing of the kiln, the fuel being delivered to the grooves 15 and 16 through passages 17E extending vertically through the arched tops 11 of the combustion chamber and opening into the shed 11 through the floor 18 thereof, the fuel within the shed 11 being shoveled over the passages, and such fuel will gravitate therethrough into the grooves 15 and 16 in the bottoms of the side runs of the combustion chamber 10 for the firing of the kiln.

Located within the bottoms of the side runs of the combustion chamber 10 are branch draft flues 19 which open into the main draft flue l2 at their inner ends, while the outer ends thereof are closed, and these branch iiues 19 communicate through the medium of' ports 2O with certain of the transverse grooves 16 in the bottoms of the side runs of the combustion chamber 10 so as to assure the proper draft within said chamber for the continuous burning of the fuel when fired for the travel of the products of combustion in a circuitous course within the combustion chamber and in one direction therein.

At the point of communication of the branch iiues 19 with the main flue 12 are located inverted conical shaped valves 2l which are controlled by operating rods 22 extending into the fuel shed 14 so as to regulate the down draft in the combustion chamber 10 in the operation of the kiln.

Adapted to be arranged at predetermined intervals within the combustion chamber 10, between groups 'of the longitudinal and transverse grooves 16, are battle walls 23 which are erected from green bricks, and the height of each Wall is such as to provide an opening above the top of the Wall and between it and the arched top 11 of the combustion chamber 10 so that the products of combustion will travel over the baffle 23 which divides the combustion chamber into compartments 24 for the continued travel of the products of combustion from one compartment to the other in one direction, the direction of passage of the products of com.- bustion being controlled by the down draft which is regulated in the flues 19 by operating the valves 21 controlling the communication of the iues 19 with the main flue 12 of the kiln.-

Formed in the side Walls of the body A of the kiln are doorways 25 so that access may be had to the combustion chamber 10 for the charging thereof with green bricks and also the removal of the burned bricks therefrom, the doorways 25 being normally closed in any suitable manner so as to eX- clude outside air from the kiln.

The passages 17 for the feeding of the fuel from the shed 14- are located for registration with the grooves 15 and 16 which constitute fuel troughs in the bottom of the combustion chamber 10 for the delivering of the fuel into the troughs. The green bricks are stacked Within the compartments 2i in any desirable maimer and on the 1iring of the fuel at one end of the combustion chamber 10 the products of combustion will be directed in one continuous course circuitously within the kiln, and this course and the down draft interiorly of the kiln is controlled by manipulating the valves 21 which open and close the branch flues 19 leading to the main iue 12, while the baiie walls 23 retard the fire sufficiently long enough to permit the filling of the compartments 24 with green bricks preceding the firing.

The mode of operation of the present invention may be reviewed as follows: When starting a fire in the kiln there would be probably about four chambers set; a paper partition being then placed at the end of the fourth chamber and the setting would continue in the kiln placing a paper partition at the end of every chamber or compartment. The valve 21 at the end of the fourth chamber is now raised to permit smoke and gases from the fire to travel through these communicating chambers from the lighted fire of the first chamber and pass. out the intersecting flue 20 through the valve 21 to the main flue 12. The heat in the first chamber passes horizontally through the brick in the adjacent chamber for preheating purposes, etc. As soon as the auxiliary fire in the first chamber has heated the brick therein to the necessary heat to burn slack coal is fed in the openings in the top and forms a gas which travels through the brick in the burning chamber and also the brick immediately in front of the burning chamber pre-heating the brick in the other chambers before passing out through the flue 20 at the fourth chamber. Normally of course the fuel openings or passages in the top of the chambers are closed and are opened at the desired time. During the firing of the first chamber the hot gases arise upwardly being directed by the adjacent vertical partition and pass horizontally through the opening into the adjacent compartment and horizontally over the adjacent compartment and finally pass through the opening or space above the partition 23 which communicates with the third chamber to assure of an even preheating of the bricks. In this connection it is to be understood that the vertical transverse partitions 23 which terminate short of the tops of the side runs prevent the iamesl and products of combustion from passing hori- Zontally from the lower part of one compartment to the lowel` part of the other compartment and direct the flames upwardly and at the same time permits of these flames and products of combustion to pass horizontally from one compartment to the other on the top thereof. On the other hand, the paper partitions serve to prevent the hot gases, etc., from passing horizontally through-the compartments beyond the series of compartments which is being fired and burned. As soon as the operation of the kiln permits the valve 2l in the fourth chamber is closed and the valve 2l in the fifth chamber is raised causing the heated gases and flames to burn out the paper partition between the fourth and fifth chambers and the heat continues to travel through the fifth chamber to preheat the brick therein. This method is continued throughout the entire kiln. Subsequent to the firing of the compartments of the kiln, the doorway 25 will be opened to assure of the cooling of the bricks preparatory to the removal of the same from the kiln. One of the compartments may be opened each day and owing to the draft flue it is apparent that cool air will be drawn through the doorway and through the chamber.

The use of powdered or pulverized coal affords spontaneous or quick combustion on the firing thereof and the firing will be continuous in the grooves 15 and 16 in the bottom of the combustion chamber 10 within the kiln so that the green bricks will be thoroughly dried in a uniform manner and eX- peditiously without maximum consumption of fuel, thereby rendering the kiln economical in the use of fuel and by reason of its particular construction assuring the thorough burning or curing of the bricks elcaciously.

From the foregoing description, taken in tinuous chamber provided with a series of communicating compartments, a main draft flue located between the side runs of the chamber, branch fines communicating with the main flue and extending beneath the bottom of each compartment in the chamber, the bottoms of each compartment being formed with longitudinally and transversely extend` ing intersecting grooves which act as fuel receiving troughs, said bottoms also having ports opening into the branch flue and valves for controlling the communication between the branch flues and the main liue.

2. In a brick kiln, a body having a continuous chamber provided with communicating compartments, a main draft flue located between the side runs of the chamber, branch flues communicating with the main flue and extending beneath the bottom of each compartment in the chamber, the bottom of each chamber being formed on its upper surface with longitudinally and transversely arranged intersecting grooves which act as fuel receiving troughs, said bottoms also having ports therein opening into the branch flues, a fuel shed above the body, said body being formed with openings communicating with the fuel shed and registering with the grooves in the bottoms of each compartment of the chamber, valves controlling communication between the branch liues and the main liuc and valve rods operable from within the shed for actuating the valves.

In testimony whereof I alix my signature.

HENRY WEB-STER..

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, 11Washington, D. C. 

